Clear Concept about all types of verb
Concept Of Verb:
অনেক ছাত্র ছাত্রী আছে যারা Verb নিয়ে বেশ জটিলতায় ভোগে । তাদের সমস্যার প্রয়োজনীয় ও সহজ সমাধান হয়তো বা তারা পায় না বা তাদেরকে সঠিকভাবে শেখানো হয় না । যারা Verb সম্পর্কে খুব ভালো বোঝেন না তাদের জন্য এই Lesson টি বেশ কাজে দিবে । এই পাঠ্যদান থেকে আপনি Verb এর ব্যবহার সম্পর্কে বুঝে ফেলবেন । শুধুমাত্র একটা অনুরোধ করতে চাই , এই Lesson টির শেষে Applied Section পাবেন সেটার উত্তর করার চেষ্টা করবেন । কমেন্টে উত্তর দিলেই হবে, এটা থেকে আমাদের বুঝতে সুবিধা হবে আমাদের সাইট থেকে আপনার গ্রামার স্কিল কেমন হলো ।
01. What is verb ?
Ans: যে Word দ্বারা কোন হওয়া, থাকা বা করা বুঝায় তাকে Verb বলে ।02. What kinds of verb ? What are they ?
Ans: Verb কে ৪ টি পৃথক শ্রেণিতে ভাগ করা যায় ।1. AUXILIARY (সাহায্যকারী ক্রিয়া)
- 1. Primary or Tense auxilary
- 2. Modal auxilary
2. PRINCIPAL(প্রধান ক্রিয়া)1. TRANSITIVE (সকর্মকক্রিয়া)2. INTRANSITIVE(অকর্মক ক্রিয়া)
1. FINITE (সমাপিকা ক্রিয়া)2. NONFINITE (অসমাপিকা ক্রিয়া)
1. STATE (অবাস্থনধর্মী ক্রিয়া)2. EVENT (ঘটনাধর্মী ক্রিয়া)
AUXILIARY and PRINCIPAL
| AUXILARY | PRINCIPAL |
|---|---|
| She is writing a letter. | She is a teacher. |
| I have come to school. | I have an umbrella. |
TRANSITIVE and INTRANSITIVE
| TRANSITIVE | INTRANSITIVE |
|---|---|
| He is eating rice. | The birds are flying. |
| She is preparing breakfast. | The boy is laughing. |
FINITE and NONFINITE
| FINITE VERB | INIFINITE VERB |
|---|---|
| Bimal goes to school | Bimal does not like to go to school. |
| He is so weak that he cannot walk. | He is too weak to walk. |
STATE Verb and EVENT Verb
| State | sentence | Event |
|---|---|---|
| State of perceiving ( বোধমুলক ) | I see, you are a fool | I bought an orange from the market . |
| State of mind (আবেগমূলক) | Everybody loves his mother | |
| State of being (হওয়া-বাচক) | He is a very brave boy | |
| State of relationship (সম্বন্ধ বাচক) | I have a brother. |
Primary and Modal auxilary
| Primary or Tense auxilary | Modal auxiliary |
|---|---|
| Be: be, am, is, are, was, were, been, being | Can, could, shall, should, may, might, must, will, would, need, dare, used(to), ought(to) |
| Have: have, has, had, having | |
| Do: do, does, did |
Use of modal auxiliaries
| MODALS | EXAMPLES | MODALS | EXAMPLES |
|---|---|---|---|
| Will | Will you go to school ? | Would | Would you give me a pen ? |
| Shall | Shall I do the work ? | Should | You should work hard. |
| Can | He can drive a car. | Could | He could do the sum.Could you help me to do the sum. |
| May | He may come here today, May I come in ? ,May you live long . | Might | His statement might be true, You might go there. |
| Must | It must be good, You must do this . | Mustn’t | You must not run in the sun. |
| Needn’t | I need not want a book now. | Dare | I dare not follow you . |
| Daren’t | He dare not do it . (dares not | Ought | We ought to love our neighbor, You ought to go to a doctor. |
| Used | He used to walk early in the morning. |
Subject and Verb Agreement
| Sub+verb | Sub+verb | |
|---|---|---|
| 1st person | I am/was/do/did | We are/do/were/did |
| 2nd person | You are/were/did/do | You are/were/did/do |
| 3rd person | He is/did/does/was | They are/did/do/were |
Conjugation of verb
| Present | Past | Past particie | Present Past | Past | particie |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agree | Agreed | Agreed | Can | Could | -- |
| Apply | Applied | Applied | Cry | Cried | Cried |
| Believe | Believed | Believed | Cut | Cut | Cut |
| Bring | broght | Brought | Die | Died | Died |
| Build | Built | Built | Do | Did | Done |
| Buy | Bought | Bought | Found | Founded | Founded |
| Call | called | called | Keep | Kept | Kept |
| Lay | Laid | Laid | Sleep | slept | Slept |
| Lie | Lied | Lied | Speed | Sped | Sped |
| Make | Made | Made | Tell | Told | Told |
| Pay | Paid | Paid | Think | Thought | Thought |
| Say | Said | Said | Feel | Felt | Felt |
| Sell | sold | Sold | Go | Went | Gone |
| Send | sent | sent | Give | Gave | Given |
| Shall | should | Live | Lived | Lived | |
| Look | Looked | Looked | Try | Tried | Tried |
| Help | Helped | Helped | Drink | Drank | Drunk |
| Start | Started | Started | Drive | Drove | Driven |
| Enjoy | Enjoyed | Enjoyed | Eat | Ate | Eaten |
| be | Was,were | been | Fight | fought | fought |
| become | became | become | Find | Found | Found |
| break | Broke | Broken | Fly | Flew | Flew |
| Come | Came | Come | Forget | Forgot | Forgotten |
| Dig | Dug | Dug | Forgive | Forgave | Forgiven |
| Do | Did | Done | Get | Got | Gotten |
| Draw | Drew | Drawn | Grow | Grew | Grown |
| Sing | Sang | Sung | Hold | Held | Held |
| Sit | Sat | Sat | Know | knew | Known |
| Speak | Spoke | Spoken | Lie | lay | Lain |
| Stand | Stood | Stood | Rise | Rose | Risen |
| Take | Took | Taken | Run | Ran | Run |
| Wake | Woke | Woken | See | Saw | Seen |
| Wear | Wore | Worn | write | Wrote | Written |
| Win | Won | Won | Enjoy | Enjoyed | Enjoyed |
| Say | said | said |
Applied Section:
1. The birds are flying.
2. These mangos are sweet.
3. Indian people do not like this.
4. Raju is a tall boy.
5. Bilas drinks much milk.
6. Some boys are clever.not all.
7. I ate some rice.
8. Would you give me a pen ?
9 . She took nither side.
10. This is most unfortunate .
11.Each boy got a price.
13. It must be good.
14. It must be good.
15. You might go there.
16. He used to walk early in the morning.
**Requirment:
1) প্রদত্ত sentence এর Be verb গুলো নির্ণয় করুন
2) প্রদত্ত sentence এর Modals গুলো নির্ণয় করুন
2) প্রদত্ত sentence এর Modals গুলো নির্ণয় করুন
3) প্রদত্ত sentence এর সকল প্রকারের verb গুলো লিখে শ্রেণীবিভাগ করুন
4) subject এবং object নির্ণয় করুন
5) Adjective word নির্ণয় করুন
6) Noun এবং Pronoun নির্ণয় করুন
শুধু একটি Sentence টি মুখস্ত করুন এবং সকল ধরণের causative verb এর প্রশ্নগুলো নিমিষেই সমাধান করুন। বাক্যটি অর্থের দিক থেকে ভুলশুদ্ধ কিনা যাচাই করতে আসিয়েন না। এটা জাস্ট একটা টেকনিক।
You have it gone, get it gone and get him to go
মুখুস্ত হয়ে গেছে?? গ্রেইট! আপনার Causative verb বুঝা হয়ে গেছে। চলুন কিভাবে দেখে নিই।
উপরের বাক্যে it দ্বারা সকল ধরণের বস্তুবাচক objects এবং him দ্বারা সকল ধরণের ব্যক্তিবাচক objects কে বুঝানো হয়েছে।
** অর্থ্যাৎ Have/get পর শুধু বস্তুবাচক object হলে verb এর (V3) বসবে এবং get এর পর ব্যক্তিবাচক object হলে infinitive (to+ V1) ববসবে। এছাড়া অন্যান্য সব ক্ষেত্রে Causative Verb (make, let, help, have) এর জন্য verb টি সবসময় base form বসবে। বাজারের যে কোন বই থেকে Causative verb রিলেটেড প্রশ্নগুলো সমাধান করতে পারেন কিনা দেখুন।
Examples:
√ Jerry had his car ®repaired
√ I got his car ®repaired
√ He gets his brother ®to work
-------------
√ I won't let You ®go today
√ Kamal will let him ®eat banana.
√ You have forced him ®go home.
√ You made me ®understand the story
√ He make…
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এত সহজ করে সত্যি কোনদিন শেখায় নি কেউ ! অসাধারণ ।
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Really has given Clear Concept of verb. What is adverb ? How to work adverb ? Give Basic Concept of Adverb....
Full Concept of Adverb:
What is Adverb ?
Ans: যে Word noun, Pronoun ব্যতীত Verb, Adjective অথবা কোন Sentence অথবা যেকোন Parts Of Speech কে নির্দেশ (modify) করে তাকে Adverb বলে ।
Example:
(01) Verb কে Modify: She sings sweetly. (sweetly Adverb টি sing verb কে modify করেছে )
(02) Verb কে Modify: He is very honest. (very adverb টি honest verb কে modify করেছে )
How to identify Adverb ?
◼️ The child is now happy. (Here the adverb ‘now’ modifies the adjective ‘happy’.)
◼️ She sings well. (Here the adverb ‘well’ modifies the verb ‘sings’.)
◼️ The coffee is very hot. (Here the adverb ‘very’ modifies the adjective ‘hot’.)
◼️ She speaks all foreign languages fluently. (Here the adverb ‘fluently’ modifies the verb ‘speaks’.)
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